youtube_dl/extractor/youtube.py

   1 # coding: utf-8
   2
   3 import collections
   4 import errno
   5 import io
   6 import itertools
   7 import json
   8 import os.path
   9 import re
  10 import string
  11 import struct
  12 import traceback
  13 import zlib
  14
  15 from .common import InfoExtractor, SearchInfoExtractor
  16 from .subtitles import SubtitlesInfoExtractor
  17 from ..utils import (
  18     compat_chr,
  19     compat_parse_qs,
  20     compat_urllib_parse,
  21     compat_urllib_request,
  22     compat_urlparse,
  23     compat_str,
  24
  25     clean_html,
  26     get_cachedir,
  27     get_element_by_id,
  28     get_element_by_attribute,
  29     ExtractorError,
  30     unescapeHTML,
  31     unified_strdate,
  32     orderedSet,
  33     write_json_file,
  34 )
  35
  36 class YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor(InfoExtractor):
  37     """Provide base functions for Youtube extractors"""
  38     _LOGIN_URL = 'https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin'
  39     _LANG_URL = r'https://www.youtube.com/?hl=en&persist_hl=1&gl=US&persist_gl=1&opt_out_ackd=1'
  40     _AGE_URL = 'http://www.youtube.com/verify_age?next_url=/&gl=US&hl=en'
  41     _NETRC_MACHINE = 'youtube'
  42     # If True it will raise an error if no login info is provided
  43     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = False
  44
  45     def _set_language(self):
  46         return bool(self._download_webpage(
  47             self._LANG_URL, None,
  48             note=u'Setting language', errnote='unable to set language',
  49             fatal=False))
  50
  51     def _login(self):
  52         (username, password) = self._get_login_info()
  53         # No authentication to be performed
  54         if username is None:
  55             if self._LOGIN_REQUIRED:
  56                 raise ExtractorError(u'No login info available, needed for using %s.' % self.IE_NAME, expected=True)
  57             return False
  58
  59         login_page = self._download_webpage(
  60             self._LOGIN_URL, None,
  61             note=u'Downloading login page',
  62             errnote=u'unable to fetch login page', fatal=False)
  63         if login_page is False:
  64             return
  65
  66         galx = self._search_regex(r'(?s)<input.+?name="GALX".+?value="(.+?)"',
  67                                   login_page, u'Login GALX parameter')
  68
  69         # Log in
  70         login_form_strs = {
  71                 u'continue': u'https://www.youtube.com/signin?action_handle_signin=true&feature=sign_in_button&hl=en_US&nomobiletemp=1',
  72                 u'Email': username,
  73                 u'GALX': galx,
  74                 u'Passwd': password,
  75                 u'PersistentCookie': u'yes',
  76                 u'_utf8': u'霱',
  77                 u'bgresponse': u'js_disabled',
  78                 u'checkConnection': u'',
  79                 u'checkedDomains': u'youtube',
  80                 u'dnConn': u'',
  81                 u'pstMsg': u'0',
  82                 u'rmShown': u'1',
  83                 u'secTok': u'',
  84                 u'signIn': u'Sign in',
  85                 u'timeStmp': u'',
  86                 u'service': u'youtube',
  87                 u'uilel': u'3',
  88                 u'hl': u'en_US',
  89         }
  90         # Convert to UTF-8 *before* urlencode because Python 2.x's urlencode
  91         # chokes on unicode
  92         login_form = dict((k.encode('utf-8'), v.encode('utf-8')) for k,v in login_form_strs.items())
  93         login_data = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode(login_form).encode('ascii')
  94
  95         req = compat_urllib_request.Request(self._LOGIN_URL, login_data)
  96         login_results = self._download_webpage(
  97             req, None,
  98             note=u'Logging in', errnote=u'unable to log in', fatal=False)
  99         if login_results is False:
 100             return False
 101         if re.search(r'(?i)<form[^>]* id="gaia_loginform"', login_results) is not None:
 102             self._downloader.report_warning(u'unable to log in: bad username or password')
 103             return False
 104         return True
 105
 106     def _confirm_age(self):
 107         age_form = {
 108             'next_url': '/',
 109             'action_confirm': 'Confirm',
 110         }
 111         req = compat_urllib_request.Request(self._AGE_URL, compat_urllib_parse.urlencode(age_form))
 112
 113         self._download_webpage(
 114             req, None,
 115             note=u'Confirming age', errnote=u'Unable to confirm age')
 116         return True
 117
 118     def _real_initialize(self):
 119         if self._downloader is None:
 120             return
 121         if not self._set_language():
 122             return
 123         if not self._login():
 124             return
 125         self._confirm_age()
 126
 127
 128 class YoutubeIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor, SubtitlesInfoExtractor):
 129     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com'
 130     _VALID_URL = r"""(?x)^
 131                      (
 132                          (?:https?://|//)?                                    # http(s):// or protocol-independent URL (optional)
 133                          (?:(?:(?:(?:\w+\.)?[yY][oO][uU][tT][uU][bB][eE](?:-nocookie)?\.com/|
 134                             tube\.majestyc\.net/|
 135                             youtube\.googleapis\.com/)                        # the various hostnames, with wildcard subdomains
 136                          (?:.*?\#/)?                                          # handle anchor (#/) redirect urls
 137                          (?:                                                  # the various things that can precede the ID:
 138                              (?:(?:v|embed|e)/)                               # v/ or embed/ or e/
 139                              |(?:                                             # or the v= param in all its forms
 140                                  (?:(?:watch|movie)(?:_popup)?(?:\.php)?)?    # preceding watch(_popup|.php) or nothing (like /?v=xxxx)
 141                                  (?:\?|\#!?)                                  # the params delimiter ? or # or #!
 142                                  (?:.*?&)?                                    # any other preceding param (like /?s=tuff&v=xxxx)
 143                                  v=
 144                              )
 145                          ))
 146                          |youtu\.be/                                          # just youtu.be/xxxx
 147                          )
 148                      )?                                                       # all until now is optional -> you can pass the naked ID
 149                      ([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})                                      # here is it! the YouTube video ID
 150                      (?(1).+)?                                                # if we found the ID, everything can follow
 151                      $"""
 152     _NEXT_URL_RE = r'[\?&]next_url=([^&]+)'
 153     # Listed in order of quality
 154     _available_formats = ['38', '37', '46', '22', '45', '35', '44', '34', '18', '43', '6', '5', '36', '17', '13',
 155                           # Apple HTTP Live Streaming
 156                           '96', '95', '94', '93', '92', '132', '151',
 157                           # 3D
 158                           '85', '84', '102', '83', '101', '82', '100',
 159                           # Dash video
 160                           '138', '137', '248', '136', '247', '135', '246',
 161                           '245', '244', '134', '243', '133', '242', '160',
 162                           # Dash audio
 163                           '141', '172', '140', '171', '139',
 164                           ]
 165     _available_formats_prefer_free = ['38', '46', '37', '45', '22', '44', '35', '43', '34', '18', '6', '5', '36', '17', '13',
 166                                       # Apple HTTP Live Streaming
 167                                       '96', '95', '94', '93', '92', '132', '151',
 168                                       # 3D
 169                                       '85', '102', '84', '101', '83', '100', '82',
 170                                       # Dash video
 171                                       '138', '248', '137', '247', '136', '246', '245',
 172                                       '244', '135', '243', '134', '242', '133', '160',
 173                                       # Dash audio
 174                                       '172', '141', '171', '140', '139',
 175                                       ]
 176     _video_formats_map = {
 177         'flv': ['35', '34', '6', '5'],
 178         '3gp': ['36', '17', '13'],
 179         'mp4': ['38', '37', '22', '18'],
 180         'webm': ['46', '45', '44', '43'],
 181     }
 182     _video_extensions = {
 183         '13': '3gp',
 184         '17': '3gp',
 185         '18': 'mp4',
 186         '22': 'mp4',
 187         '36': '3gp',
 188         '37': 'mp4',
 189         '38': 'mp4',
 190         '43': 'webm',
 191         '44': 'webm',
 192         '45': 'webm',
 193         '46': 'webm',
 194
 195         # 3d videos
 196         '82': 'mp4',
 197         '83': 'mp4',
 198         '84': 'mp4',
 199         '85': 'mp4',
 200         '100': 'webm',
 201         '101': 'webm',
 202         '102': 'webm',
 203
 204         # Apple HTTP Live Streaming
 205         '92': 'mp4',
 206         '93': 'mp4',
 207         '94': 'mp4',
 208         '95': 'mp4',
 209         '96': 'mp4',
 210         '132': 'mp4',
 211         '151': 'mp4',
 212
 213         # Dash mp4
 214         '133': 'mp4',
 215         '134': 'mp4',
 216         '135': 'mp4',
 217         '136': 'mp4',
 218         '137': 'mp4',
 219         '138': 'mp4',
 220         '160': 'mp4',
 221
 222         # Dash mp4 audio
 223         '139': 'm4a',
 224         '140': 'm4a',
 225         '141': 'm4a',
 226
 227         # Dash webm
 228         '171': 'webm',
 229         '172': 'webm',
 230         '242': 'webm',
 231         '243': 'webm',
 232         '244': 'webm',
 233         '245': 'webm',
 234         '246': 'webm',
 235         '247': 'webm',
 236         '248': 'webm',
 237     }
 238     _video_dimensions = {
 239         '5': '400x240',
 240         '6': '???',
 241         '13': '???',
 242         '17': '176x144',
 243         '18': '640x360',
 244         '22': '1280x720',
 245         '34': '640x360',
 246         '35': '854x480',
 247         '36': '320x240',
 248         '37': '1920x1080',
 249         '38': '4096x3072',
 250         '43': '640x360',
 251         '44': '854x480',
 252         '45': '1280x720',
 253         '46': '1920x1080',
 254         '82': '360p',
 255         '83': '480p',
 256         '84': '720p',
 257         '85': '1080p',
 258         '92': '240p',
 259         '93': '360p',
 260         '94': '480p',
 261         '95': '720p',
 262         '96': '1080p',
 263         '100': '360p',
 264         '101': '480p',
 265         '102': '720p',
 266         '132': '240p',
 267         '151': '72p',
 268         '133': '240p',
 269         '134': '360p',
 270         '135': '480p',
 271         '136': '720p',
 272         '137': '1080p',
 273         '138': '>1080p',
 274         '139': '48k',
 275         '140': '128k',
 276         '141': '256k',
 277         '160': '192p',
 278         '171': '128k',
 279         '172': '256k',
 280         '242': '240p',
 281         '243': '360p',
 282         '244': '480p',
 283         '245': '480p',
 284         '246': '480p',
 285         '247': '720p',
 286         '248': '1080p',
 287     }
 288     _special_itags = {
 289         '82': '3D',
 290         '83': '3D',
 291         '84': '3D',
 292         '85': '3D',
 293         '100': '3D',
 294         '101': '3D',
 295         '102': '3D',
 296         '133': 'DASH Video',
 297         '134': 'DASH Video',
 298         '135': 'DASH Video',
 299         '136': 'DASH Video',
 300         '137': 'DASH Video',
 301         '138': 'DASH Video',
 302         '139': 'DASH Audio',
 303         '140': 'DASH Audio',
 304         '141': 'DASH Audio',
 305         '160': 'DASH Video',
 306         '171': 'DASH Audio',
 307         '172': 'DASH Audio',
 308         '242': 'DASH Video',
 309         '243': 'DASH Video',
 310         '244': 'DASH Video',
 311         '245': 'DASH Video',
 312         '246': 'DASH Video',
 313         '247': 'DASH Video',
 314         '248': 'DASH Video',
 315     }
 316
 317     IE_NAME = u'youtube'
 318     _TESTS = [
 319         {
 320             u"url":  u"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaW_jenozKc",
 321             u"file":  u"BaW_jenozKc.mp4",
 322             u"info_dict": {
 323                 u"title": u"youtube-dl test video \"'/\\ä↭𝕐",
 324                 u"uploader": u"Philipp Hagemeister",
 325                 u"uploader_id": u"phihag",
 326                 u"upload_date": u"20121002",
 327                 u"description": u"test chars:  \"'/\\ä↭𝕐\ntest URL: https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/1892\n\nThis is a test video for youtube-dl.\n\nFor more information, contact phihag@phihag.de ."
 328             }
 329         },
 330         {
 331             u"url":  u"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxxajLWwzqY",
 332             u"file":  u"UxxajLWwzqY.mp4",
 333             u"note": u"Test generic use_cipher_signature video (#897)",
 334             u"info_dict": {
 335                 u"upload_date": u"20120506",
 336                 u"title": u"Icona Pop - I Love It (feat. Charli XCX) [OFFICIAL VIDEO]",
 337                 u"description": u"md5:5b292926389560516e384ac437c0ec07",
 338                 u"uploader": u"Icona Pop",
 339                 u"uploader_id": u"IconaPop"
 340             }
 341         },
 342         {
 343             u"url":  u"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=07FYdnEawAQ",
 344             u"file":  u"07FYdnEawAQ.mp4",
 345             u"note": u"Test VEVO video with age protection (#956)",
 346             u"info_dict": {
 347                 u"upload_date": u"20130703",
 348                 u"title": u"Justin Timberlake - Tunnel Vision (Explicit)",
 349                 u"description": u"md5:64249768eec3bc4276236606ea996373",
 350                 u"uploader": u"justintimberlakeVEVO",
 351                 u"uploader_id": u"justintimberlakeVEVO"
 352             }
 353         },
 354         {
 355             u"url":  u"//www.YouTube.com/watch?v=yZIXLfi8CZQ",
 356             u"file":  u"yZIXLfi8CZQ.mp4",
 357             u"note": u"Embed-only video (#1746)",
 358             u"info_dict": {
 359                 u"upload_date": u"20120608",
 360                 u"title": u"Principal Sexually Assaults A Teacher - Episode 117 - 8th June 2012",
 361                 u"description": u"md5:09b78bd971f1e3e289601dfba15ca4f7",
 362                 u"uploader": u"SET India",
 363                 u"uploader_id": u"setindia"
 364             }
 365         },
 366     ]
 367
 368
 369     @classmethod
 370     def suitable(cls, url):
 371         """Receives a URL and returns True if suitable for this IE."""
 372         if YoutubePlaylistIE.suitable(url): return False
 373         return re.match(cls._VALID_URL, url) is not None
 374
 375     def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
 376         super(YoutubeIE, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)
 377         self._player_cache = {}
 378
 379     def report_video_info_webpage_download(self, video_id):
 380         """Report attempt to download video info webpage."""
 381         self.to_screen(u'%s: Downloading video info webpage' % video_id)
 382
 383     def report_information_extraction(self, video_id):
 384         """Report attempt to extract video information."""
 385         self.to_screen(u'%s: Extracting video information' % video_id)
 386
 387     def report_unavailable_format(self, video_id, format):
 388         """Report extracted video URL."""
 389         self.to_screen(u'%s: Format %s not available' % (video_id, format))
 390
 391     def report_rtmp_download(self):
 392         """Indicate the download will use the RTMP protocol."""
 393         self.to_screen(u'RTMP download detected')
 394
 395     def _extract_signature_function(self, video_id, player_url, slen):
 396         id_m = re.match(r'.*-(?P<id>[a-zA-Z0-9_-]+)\.(?P<ext>[a-z]+)$',
 397                         player_url)
 398         player_type = id_m.group('ext')
 399         player_id = id_m.group('id')
 400
 401         # Read from filesystem cache
 402         func_id = '%s_%s_%d' % (player_type, player_id, slen)
 403         assert os.path.basename(func_id) == func_id
 404         cache_dir = get_cachedir(self._downloader.params)
 405
 406         cache_enabled = cache_dir is not None
 407         if cache_enabled:
 408             cache_fn = os.path.join(os.path.expanduser(cache_dir),
 409                                     u'youtube-sigfuncs',
 410                                     func_id + '.json')
 411             try:
 412                 with io.open(cache_fn, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as cachef:
 413                     cache_spec = json.load(cachef)
 414                 return lambda s: u''.join(s[i] for i in cache_spec)
 415             except IOError:
 416                 pass  # No cache available
 417
 418         if player_type == 'js':
 419             code = self._download_webpage(
 420                 player_url, video_id,
 421                 note=u'Downloading %s player %s' % (player_type, player_id),
 422                 errnote=u'Download of %s failed' % player_url)
 423             res = self._parse_sig_js(code)
 424         elif player_type == 'swf':
 425             urlh = self._request_webpage(
 426                 player_url, video_id,
 427                 note=u'Downloading %s player %s' % (player_type, player_id),
 428                 errnote=u'Download of %s failed' % player_url)
 429             code = urlh.read()
 430             res = self._parse_sig_swf(code)
 431         else:
 432             assert False, 'Invalid player type %r' % player_type
 433
 434         if cache_enabled:
 435             try:
 436                 test_string = u''.join(map(compat_chr, range(slen)))
 437                 cache_res = res(test_string)
 438                 cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
 439                 try:
 440                     os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(cache_fn))
 441                 except OSError as ose:
 442                     if ose.errno != errno.EEXIST:
 443                         raise
 444                 write_json_file(cache_spec, cache_fn)
 445             except Exception:
 446                 tb = traceback.format_exc()
 447                 self._downloader.report_warning(
 448                     u'Writing cache to %r failed: %s' % (cache_fn, tb))
 449
 450         return res
 451
 452     def _print_sig_code(self, func, slen):
 453         def gen_sig_code(idxs):
 454             def _genslice(start, end, step):
 455                 starts = u'' if start == 0 else str(start)
 456                 ends = (u':%d' % (end+step)) if end + step >= 0 else u':'
 457                 steps = u'' if step == 1 else (u':%d' % step)
 458                 return u's[%s%s%s]' % (starts, ends, steps)
 459
 460             step = None
 461             start = '(Never used)'  # Quelch pyflakes warnings - start will be
 462                                     # set as soon as step is set
 463             for i, prev in zip(idxs[1:], idxs[:-1]):
 464                 if step is not None:
 465                     if i - prev == step:
 466                         continue
 467                     yield _genslice(start, prev, step)
 468                     step = None
 469                     continue
 470                 if i - prev in [-1, 1]:
 471                     step = i - prev
 472                     start = prev
 473                     continue
 474                 else:
 475                     yield u's[%d]' % prev
 476             if step is None:
 477                 yield u's[%d]' % i
 478             else:
 479                 yield _genslice(start, i, step)
 480
 481         test_string = u''.join(map(compat_chr, range(slen)))
 482         cache_res = func(test_string)
 483         cache_spec = [ord(c) for c in cache_res]
 484         expr_code = u' + '.join(gen_sig_code(cache_spec))
 485         code = u'if len(s) == %d:\n    return %s\n' % (slen, expr_code)
 486         self.to_screen(u'Extracted signature function:\n' + code)
 487
 488     def _parse_sig_js(self, jscode):
 489         funcname = self._search_regex(
 490             r'signature=([a-zA-Z]+)', jscode,
 491             u'Initial JS player signature function name')
 492
 493         functions = {}
 494
 495         def argidx(varname):
 496             return string.lowercase.index(varname)
 497
 498         def interpret_statement(stmt, local_vars, allow_recursion=20):
 499             if allow_recursion < 0:
 500                 raise ExtractorError(u'Recursion limit reached')
 501
 502             if stmt.startswith(u'var '):
 503                 stmt = stmt[len(u'var '):]
 504             ass_m = re.match(r'^(?P<out>[a-z]+)(?:\[(?P<index>[^\]]+)\])?' +
 505                              r'=(?P<expr>.*)$', stmt)
 506             if ass_m:
 507                 if ass_m.groupdict().get('index'):
 508                     def assign(val):
 509                         lvar = local_vars[ass_m.group('out')]
 510                         idx = interpret_expression(ass_m.group('index'),
 511                                                    local_vars, allow_recursion)
 512                         assert isinstance(idx, int)
 513                         lvar[idx] = val
 514                         return val
 515                     expr = ass_m.group('expr')
 516                 else:
 517                     def assign(val):
 518                         local_vars[ass_m.group('out')] = val
 519                         return val
 520                     expr = ass_m.group('expr')
 521             elif stmt.startswith(u'return '):
 522                 assign = lambda v: v
 523                 expr = stmt[len(u'return '):]
 524             else:
 525                 raise ExtractorError(
 526                     u'Cannot determine left side of statement in %r' % stmt)
 527
 528             v = interpret_expression(expr, local_vars, allow_recursion)
 529             return assign(v)
 530
 531         def interpret_expression(expr, local_vars, allow_recursion):
 532             if expr.isdigit():
 533                 return int(expr)
 534
 535             if expr.isalpha():
 536                 return local_vars[expr]
 537
 538             m = re.match(r'^(?P<in>[a-z]+)\.(?P<member>.*)$', expr)
 539             if m:
 540                 member = m.group('member')
 541                 val = local_vars[m.group('in')]
 542                 if member == 'split("")':
 543                     return list(val)
 544                 if member == 'join("")':
 545                     return u''.join(val)
 546                 if member == 'length':
 547                     return len(val)
 548                 if member == 'reverse()':
 549                     return val[::-1]
 550                 slice_m = re.match(r'slice\((?P<idx>.*)\)', member)
 551                 if slice_m:
 552                     idx = interpret_expression(
 553                         slice_m.group('idx'), local_vars, allow_recursion-1)
 554                     return val[idx:]
 555
 556             m = re.match(
 557                 r'^(?P<in>[a-z]+)\[(?P<idx>.+)\]$', expr)
 558             if m:
 559                 val = local_vars[m.group('in')]
 560                 idx = interpret_expression(m.group('idx'), local_vars,
 561                                            allow_recursion-1)
 562                 return val[idx]
 563
 564             m = re.match(r'^(?P<a>.+?)(?P<op>[%])(?P<b>.+?)$', expr)
 565             if m:
 566                 a = interpret_expression(m.group('a'),
 567                                          local_vars, allow_recursion)
 568                 b = interpret_expression(m.group('b'),
 569                                          local_vars, allow_recursion)
 570                 return a % b
 571
 572             m = re.match(
 573                 r'^(?P<func>[a-zA-Z]+)\((?P<args>[a-z0-9,]+)\)$', expr)
 574             if m:
 575                 fname = m.group('func')
 576                 if fname not in functions:
 577                     functions[fname] = extract_function(fname)
 578                 argvals = [int(v) if v.isdigit() else local_vars[v]
 579                            for v in m.group('args').split(',')]
 580                 return functions[fname](argvals)
 581             raise ExtractorError(u'Unsupported JS expression %r' % expr)
 582
 583         def extract_function(funcname):
 584             func_m = re.search(
 585                 r'function ' + re.escape(funcname) +
 586                 r'\((?P<args>[a-z,]+)\){(?P<code>[^}]+)}',
 587                 jscode)
 588             argnames = func_m.group('args').split(',')
 589
 590             def resf(args):
 591                 local_vars = dict(zip(argnames, args))
 592                 for stmt in func_m.group('code').split(';'):
 593                     res = interpret_statement(stmt, local_vars)
 594                 return res
 595             return resf
 596
 597         initial_function = extract_function(funcname)
 598         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
 599
 600     def _parse_sig_swf(self, file_contents):
 601         if file_contents[1:3] != b'WS':
 602             raise ExtractorError(
 603                 u'Not an SWF file; header is %r' % file_contents[:3])
 604         if file_contents[:1] == b'C':
 605             content = zlib.decompress(file_contents[8:])
 606         else:
 607             raise NotImplementedError(u'Unsupported compression format %r' %
 608                                       file_contents[:1])
 609
 610         def extract_tags(content):
 611             pos = 0
 612             while pos < len(content):
 613                 header16 = struct.unpack('<H', content[pos:pos+2])[0]
 614                 pos += 2
 615                 tag_code = header16 >> 6
 616                 tag_len = header16 & 0x3f
 617                 if tag_len == 0x3f:
 618                     tag_len = struct.unpack('<I', content[pos:pos+4])[0]
 619                     pos += 4
 620                 assert pos+tag_len <= len(content)
 621                 yield (tag_code, content[pos:pos+tag_len])
 622                 pos += tag_len
 623
 624         code_tag = next(tag
 625                         for tag_code, tag in extract_tags(content)
 626                         if tag_code == 82)
 627         p = code_tag.index(b'\0', 4) + 1
 628         code_reader = io.BytesIO(code_tag[p:])
 629
 630         # Parse ABC (AVM2 ByteCode)
 631         def read_int(reader=None):
 632             if reader is None:
 633                 reader = code_reader
 634             res = 0
 635             shift = 0
 636             for _ in range(5):
 637                 buf = reader.read(1)
 638                 assert len(buf) == 1
 639                 b = struct.unpack('<B', buf)[0]
 640                 res = res | ((b & 0x7f) << shift)
 641                 if b & 0x80 == 0:
 642                     break
 643                 shift += 7
 644             return res
 645
 646         def u30(reader=None):
 647             res = read_int(reader)
 648             assert res & 0xf0000000 == 0
 649             return res
 650         u32 = read_int
 651
 652         def s32(reader=None):
 653             v = read_int(reader)
 654             if v & 0x80000000 != 0:
 655                 v = - ((v ^ 0xffffffff) + 1)
 656             return v
 657
 658         def read_string(reader=None):
 659             if reader is None:
 660                 reader = code_reader
 661             slen = u30(reader)
 662             resb = reader.read(slen)
 663             assert len(resb) == slen
 664             return resb.decode('utf-8')
 665
 666         def read_bytes(count, reader=None):
 667             if reader is None:
 668                 reader = code_reader
 669             resb = reader.read(count)
 670             assert len(resb) == count
 671             return resb
 672
 673         def read_byte(reader=None):
 674             resb = read_bytes(1, reader=reader)
 675             res = struct.unpack('<B', resb)[0]
 676             return res
 677
 678         # minor_version + major_version
 679         read_bytes(2 + 2)
 680
 681         # Constant pool
 682         int_count = u30()
 683         for _c in range(1, int_count):
 684             s32()
 685         uint_count = u30()
 686         for _c in range(1, uint_count):
 687             u32()
 688         double_count = u30()
 689         read_bytes((double_count-1) * 8)
 690         string_count = u30()
 691         constant_strings = [u'']
 692         for _c in range(1, string_count):
 693             s = read_string()
 694             constant_strings.append(s)
 695         namespace_count = u30()
 696         for _c in range(1, namespace_count):
 697             read_bytes(1)  # kind
 698             u30()  # name
 699         ns_set_count = u30()
 700         for _c in range(1, ns_set_count):
 701             count = u30()
 702             for _c2 in range(count):
 703                 u30()
 704         multiname_count = u30()
 705         MULTINAME_SIZES = {
 706             0x07: 2,  # QName
 707             0x0d: 2,  # QNameA
 708             0x0f: 1,  # RTQName
 709             0x10: 1,  # RTQNameA
 710             0x11: 0,  # RTQNameL
 711             0x12: 0,  # RTQNameLA
 712             0x09: 2,  # Multiname
 713             0x0e: 2,  # MultinameA
 714             0x1b: 1,  # MultinameL
 715             0x1c: 1,  # MultinameLA
 716         }
 717         multinames = [u'']
 718         for _c in range(1, multiname_count):
 719             kind = u30()
 720             assert kind in MULTINAME_SIZES, u'Invalid multiname kind %r' % kind
 721             if kind == 0x07:
 722                 u30()  # namespace_idx
 723                 name_idx = u30()
 724                 multinames.append(constant_strings[name_idx])
 725             else:
 726                 multinames.append('[MULTINAME kind: %d]' % kind)
 727                 for _c2 in range(MULTINAME_SIZES[kind]):
 728                     u30()
 729
 730         # Methods
 731         method_count = u30()
 732         MethodInfo = collections.namedtuple(
 733             'MethodInfo',
 734             ['NEED_ARGUMENTS', 'NEED_REST'])
 735         method_infos = []
 736         for method_id in range(method_count):
 737             param_count = u30()
 738             u30()  # return type
 739             for _ in range(param_count):
 740                 u30()  # param type
 741             u30()  # name index (always 0 for youtube)
 742             flags = read_byte()
 743             if flags & 0x08 != 0:
 744                 # Options present
 745                 option_count = u30()
 746                 for c in range(option_count):
 747                     u30()  # val
 748                     read_bytes(1)  # kind
 749             if flags & 0x80 != 0:
 750                 # Param names present
 751                 for _ in range(param_count):
 752                     u30()  # param name
 753             mi = MethodInfo(flags & 0x01 != 0, flags & 0x04 != 0)
 754             method_infos.append(mi)
 755
 756         # Metadata
 757         metadata_count = u30()
 758         for _c in range(metadata_count):
 759             u30()  # name
 760             item_count = u30()
 761             for _c2 in range(item_count):
 762                 u30()  # key
 763                 u30()  # value
 764
 765         def parse_traits_info():
 766             trait_name_idx = u30()
 767             kind_full = read_byte()
 768             kind = kind_full & 0x0f
 769             attrs = kind_full >> 4
 770             methods = {}
 771             if kind in [0x00, 0x06]:  # Slot or Const
 772                 u30()  # Slot id
 773                 u30()  # type_name_idx
 774                 vindex = u30()
 775                 if vindex != 0:
 776                     read_byte()  # vkind
 777             elif kind in [0x01, 0x02, 0x03]:  # Method / Getter / Setter
 778                 u30()  # disp_id
 779                 method_idx = u30()
 780                 methods[multinames[trait_name_idx]] = method_idx
 781             elif kind == 0x04:  # Class
 782                 u30()  # slot_id
 783                 u30()  # classi
 784             elif kind == 0x05:  # Function
 785                 u30()  # slot_id
 786                 function_idx = u30()
 787                 methods[function_idx] = multinames[trait_name_idx]
 788             else:
 789                 raise ExtractorError(u'Unsupported trait kind %d' % kind)
 790
 791             if attrs & 0x4 != 0:  # Metadata present
 792                 metadata_count = u30()
 793                 for _c3 in range(metadata_count):
 794                     u30()  # metadata index
 795
 796             return methods
 797
 798         # Classes
 799         TARGET_CLASSNAME = u'SignatureDecipher'
 800         searched_idx = multinames.index(TARGET_CLASSNAME)
 801         searched_class_id = None
 802         class_count = u30()
 803         for class_id in range(class_count):
 804             name_idx = u30()
 805             if name_idx == searched_idx:
 806                 # We found the class we're looking for!
 807                 searched_class_id = class_id
 808             u30()  # super_name idx
 809             flags = read_byte()
 810             if flags & 0x08 != 0:  # Protected namespace is present
 811                 u30()  # protected_ns_idx
 812             intrf_count = u30()
 813             for _c2 in range(intrf_count):
 814                 u30()
 815             u30()  # iinit
 816             trait_count = u30()
 817             for _c2 in range(trait_count):
 818                 parse_traits_info()
 819
 820         if searched_class_id is None:
 821             raise ExtractorError(u'Target class %r not found' %
 822                                  TARGET_CLASSNAME)
 823
 824         method_names = {}
 825         method_idxs = {}
 826         for class_id in range(class_count):
 827             u30()  # cinit
 828             trait_count = u30()
 829             for _c2 in range(trait_count):
 830                 trait_methods = parse_traits_info()
 831                 if class_id == searched_class_id:
 832                     method_names.update(trait_methods.items())
 833                     method_idxs.update(dict(
 834                         (idx, name)
 835                         for name, idx in trait_methods.items()))
 836
 837         # Scripts
 838         script_count = u30()
 839         for _c in range(script_count):
 840             u30()  # init
 841             trait_count = u30()
 842             for _c2 in range(trait_count):
 843                 parse_traits_info()
 844
 845         # Method bodies
 846         method_body_count = u30()
 847         Method = collections.namedtuple('Method', ['code', 'local_count'])
 848         methods = {}
 849         for _c in range(method_body_count):
 850             method_idx = u30()
 851             u30()  # max_stack
 852             local_count = u30()
 853             u30()  # init_scope_depth
 854             u30()  # max_scope_depth
 855             code_length = u30()
 856             code = read_bytes(code_length)
 857             if method_idx in method_idxs:
 858                 m = Method(code, local_count)
 859                 methods[method_idxs[method_idx]] = m
 860             exception_count = u30()
 861             for _c2 in range(exception_count):
 862                 u30()  # from
 863                 u30()  # to
 864                 u30()  # target
 865                 u30()  # exc_type
 866                 u30()  # var_name
 867             trait_count = u30()
 868             for _c2 in range(trait_count):
 869                 parse_traits_info()
 870
 871         assert p + code_reader.tell() == len(code_tag)
 872         assert len(methods) == len(method_idxs)
 873
 874         method_pyfunctions = {}
 875
 876         def extract_function(func_name):
 877             if func_name in method_pyfunctions:
 878                 return method_pyfunctions[func_name]
 879             if func_name not in methods:
 880                 raise ExtractorError(u'Cannot find function %r' % func_name)
 881             m = methods[func_name]
 882
 883             def resfunc(args):
 884                 registers = ['(this)'] + list(args) + [None] * m.local_count
 885                 stack = []
 886                 coder = io.BytesIO(m.code)
 887                 while True:
 888                     opcode = struct.unpack('!B', coder.read(1))[0]
 889                     if opcode == 36:  # pushbyte
 890                         v = struct.unpack('!B', coder.read(1))[0]
 891                         stack.append(v)
 892                     elif opcode == 44:  # pushstring
 893                         idx = u30(coder)
 894                         stack.append(constant_strings[idx])
 895                     elif opcode == 48:  # pushscope
 896                         # We don't implement the scope register, so we'll just
 897                         # ignore the popped value
 898                         stack.pop()
 899                     elif opcode == 70:  # callproperty
 900                         index = u30(coder)
 901                         mname = multinames[index]
 902                         arg_count = u30(coder)
 903                         args = list(reversed(
 904                             [stack.pop() for _ in range(arg_count)]))
 905                         obj = stack.pop()
 906                         if mname == u'split':
 907                             assert len(args) == 1
 908                             assert isinstance(args[0], compat_str)
 909                             assert isinstance(obj, compat_str)
 910                             if args[0] == u'':
 911                                 res = list(obj)
 912                             else:
 913                                 res = obj.split(args[0])
 914                             stack.append(res)
 915                         elif mname == u'slice':
 916                             assert len(args) == 1
 917                             assert isinstance(args[0], int)
 918                             assert isinstance(obj, list)
 919                             res = obj[args[0]:]
 920                             stack.append(res)
 921                         elif mname == u'join':
 922                             assert len(args) == 1
 923                             assert isinstance(args[0], compat_str)
 924                             assert isinstance(obj, list)
 925                             res = args[0].join(obj)
 926                             stack.append(res)
 927                         elif mname in method_pyfunctions:
 928                             stack.append(method_pyfunctions[mname](args))
 929                         else:
 930                             raise NotImplementedError(
 931                                 u'Unsupported property %r on %r'
 932                                 % (mname, obj))
 933                     elif opcode == 72:  # returnvalue
 934                         res = stack.pop()
 935                         return res
 936                     elif opcode == 79:  # callpropvoid
 937                         index = u30(coder)
 938                         mname = multinames[index]
 939                         arg_count = u30(coder)
 940                         args = list(reversed(
 941                             [stack.pop() for _ in range(arg_count)]))
 942                         obj = stack.pop()
 943                         if mname == u'reverse':
 944                             assert isinstance(obj, list)
 945                             obj.reverse()
 946                         else:
 947                             raise NotImplementedError(
 948                                 u'Unsupported (void) property %r on %r'
 949                                 % (mname, obj))
 950                     elif opcode == 93:  # findpropstrict
 951                         index = u30(coder)
 952                         mname = multinames[index]
 953                         res = extract_function(mname)
 954                         stack.append(res)
 955                     elif opcode == 97:  # setproperty
 956                         index = u30(coder)
 957                         value = stack.pop()
 958                         idx = stack.pop()
 959                         obj = stack.pop()
 960                         assert isinstance(obj, list)
 961                         assert isinstance(idx, int)
 962                         obj[idx] = value
 963                     elif opcode == 98:  # getlocal
 964                         index = u30(coder)
 965                         stack.append(registers[index])
 966                     elif opcode == 99:  # setlocal
 967                         index = u30(coder)
 968                         value = stack.pop()
 969                         registers[index] = value
 970                     elif opcode == 102:  # getproperty
 971                         index = u30(coder)
 972                         pname = multinames[index]
 973                         if pname == u'length':
 974                             obj = stack.pop()
 975                             assert isinstance(obj, list)
 976                             stack.append(len(obj))
 977                         else:  # Assume attribute access
 978                             idx = stack.pop()
 979                             assert isinstance(idx, int)
 980                             obj = stack.pop()
 981                             assert isinstance(obj, list)
 982                             stack.append(obj[idx])
 983                     elif opcode == 128:  # coerce
 984                         u30(coder)
 985                     elif opcode == 133:  # coerce_s
 986                         assert isinstance(stack[-1], (type(None), compat_str))
 987                     elif opcode == 164:  # modulo
 988                         value2 = stack.pop()
 989                         value1 = stack.pop()
 990                         res = value1 % value2
 991                         stack.append(res)
 992                     elif opcode == 208:  # getlocal_0
 993                         stack.append(registers[0])
 994                     elif opcode == 209:  # getlocal_1
 995                         stack.append(registers[1])
 996                     elif opcode == 210:  # getlocal_2
 997                         stack.append(registers[2])
 998                     elif opcode == 211:  # getlocal_3
 999                         stack.append(registers[3])
1000                     elif opcode == 214:  # setlocal_2
1001                         registers[2] = stack.pop()
1002                     elif opcode == 215:  # setlocal_3
1003                         registers[3] = stack.pop()
1004                     else:
1005                         raise NotImplementedError(
1006                             u'Unsupported opcode %d' % opcode)
1007
1008             method_pyfunctions[func_name] = resfunc
1009             return resfunc
1010
1011         initial_function = extract_function(u'decipher')
1012         return lambda s: initial_function([s])
1013
1014     def _decrypt_signature(self, s, video_id, player_url, age_gate=False):
1015         """Turn the encrypted s field into a working signature"""
1016
1017         if player_url is not None:
1018             if player_url.startswith(u'//'):
1019                 player_url = u'https:' + player_url
1020             try:
1021                 player_id = (player_url, len(s))
1022                 if player_id not in self._player_cache:
1023                     func = self._extract_signature_function(
1024                         video_id, player_url, len(s)
1025                     )
1026                     self._player_cache[player_id] = func
1027                 func = self._player_cache[player_id]
1028                 if self._downloader.params.get('youtube_print_sig_code'):
1029                     self._print_sig_code(func, len(s))
1030                 return func(s)
1031             except Exception:
1032                 tb = traceback.format_exc()
1033                 self._downloader.report_warning(
1034                     u'Automatic signature extraction failed: ' + tb)
1035
1036             self._downloader.report_warning(
1037                 u'Warning: Falling back to static signature algorithm')
1038
1039         return self._static_decrypt_signature(
1040             s, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
1041
1042     def _static_decrypt_signature(self, s, video_id, player_url, age_gate):
1043         if age_gate:
1044             # The videos with age protection use another player, so the
1045             # algorithms can be different.
1046             if len(s) == 86:
1047                 return s[2:63] + s[82] + s[64:82] + s[63]
1048
1049         if len(s) == 93:
1050             return s[86:29:-1] + s[88] + s[28:5:-1]
1051         elif len(s) == 92:
1052             return s[25] + s[3:25] + s[0] + s[26:42] + s[79] + s[43:79] + s[91] + s[80:83]
1053         elif len(s) == 91:
1054             return s[84:27:-1] + s[86] + s[26:5:-1]
1055         elif len(s) == 90:
1056             return s[25] + s[3:25] + s[2] + s[26:40] + s[77] + s[41:77] + s[89] + s[78:81]
1057         elif len(s) == 89:
1058             return s[84:78:-1] + s[87] + s[77:60:-1] + s[0] + s[59:3:-1]
1059         elif len(s) == 88:
1060             return s[7:28] + s[87] + s[29:45] + s[55] + s[46:55] + s[2] + s[56:87] + s[28]
1061         elif len(s) == 87:
1062             return s[6:27] + s[4] + s[28:39] + s[27] + s[40:59] + s[2] + s[60:]
1063         elif len(s) == 86:
1064             return s[80:72:-1] + s[16] + s[71:39:-1] + s[72] + s[38:16:-1] + s[82] + s[15::-1]
1065         elif len(s) == 85:
1066             return s[3:11] + s[0] + s[12:55] + s[84] + s[56:84]
1067         elif len(s) == 84:
1068             return s[78:70:-1] + s[14] + s[69:37:-1] + s[70] + s[36:14:-1] + s[80] + s[:14][::-1]
1069         elif len(s) == 83:
1070             return s[80:63:-1] + s[0] + s[62:0:-1] + s[63]
1071         elif len(s) == 82:
1072             return s[80:37:-1] + s[7] + s[36:7:-1] + s[0] + s[6:0:-1] + s[37]
1073         elif len(s) == 81:
1074             return s[56] + s[79:56:-1] + s[41] + s[55:41:-1] + s[80] + s[40:34:-1] + s[0] + s[33:29:-1] + s[34] + s[28:9:-1] + s[29] + s[8:0:-1] + s[9]
1075         elif len(s) == 80:
1076             return s[1:19] + s[0] + s[20:68] + s[19] + s[69:80]
1077         elif len(s) == 79:
1078             return s[54] + s[77:54:-1] + s[39] + s[53:39:-1] + s[78] + s[38:34:-1] + s[0] + s[33:29:-1] + s[34] + s[28:9:-1] + s[29] + s[8:0:-1] + s[9]
1079
1080         else:
1081             raise ExtractorError(u'Unable to decrypt signature, key length %d not supported; retrying might work' % (len(s)))
1082
1083     def _get_available_subtitles(self, video_id, webpage):
1084         try:
1085             sub_list = self._download_webpage(
1086                 'http://video.google.com/timedtext?hl=en&type=list&v=%s' % video_id,
1087                 video_id, note=False)
1088         except ExtractorError as err:
1089             self._downloader.report_warning(u'unable to download video subtitles: %s' % compat_str(err))
1090             return {}
1091         lang_list = re.findall(r'name="([^"]*)"[^>]+lang_code="([\w\-]+)"', sub_list)
1092
1093         sub_lang_list = {}
1094         for l in lang_list:
1095             lang = l[1]
1096             params = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode({
1097                 'lang': lang,
1098                 'v': video_id,
1099                 'fmt': self._downloader.params.get('subtitlesformat', 'srt'),
1100                 'name': l[0].encode('utf-8'),
1101             })
1102             url = u'http://www.youtube.com/api/timedtext?' + params
1103             sub_lang_list[lang] = url
1104         if not sub_lang_list:
1105             self._downloader.report_warning(u'video doesn\'t have subtitles')
1106             return {}
1107         return sub_lang_list
1108
1109     def _get_available_automatic_caption(self, video_id, webpage):
1110         """We need the webpage for getting the captions url, pass it as an
1111            argument to speed up the process."""
1112         sub_format = self._downloader.params.get('subtitlesformat', 'srt')
1113         self.to_screen(u'%s: Looking for automatic captions' % video_id)
1114         mobj = re.search(r';ytplayer.config = ({.*?});', webpage)
1115         err_msg = u'Couldn\'t find automatic captions for %s' % video_id
1116         if mobj is None:
1117             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1118             return {}
1119         player_config = json.loads(mobj.group(1))
1120         try:
1121             args = player_config[u'args']
1122             caption_url = args[u'ttsurl']
1123             timestamp = args[u'timestamp']
1124             # We get the available subtitles
1125             list_params = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode({
1126                 'type': 'list',
1127                 'tlangs': 1,
1128                 'asrs': 1,
1129             })
1130             list_url = caption_url + '&' + list_params
1131             caption_list = self._download_xml(list_url, video_id)
1132             original_lang_node = caption_list.find('track')
1133             if original_lang_node is None or original_lang_node.attrib.get('kind') != 'asr' :
1134                 self._downloader.report_warning(u'Video doesn\'t have automatic captions')
1135                 return {}
1136             original_lang = original_lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1137
1138             sub_lang_list = {}
1139             for lang_node in caption_list.findall('target'):
1140                 sub_lang = lang_node.attrib['lang_code']
1141                 params = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode({
1142                     'lang': original_lang,
1143                     'tlang': sub_lang,
1144                     'fmt': sub_format,
1145                     'ts': timestamp,
1146                     'kind': 'asr',
1147                 })
1148                 sub_lang_list[sub_lang] = caption_url + '&' + params
1149             return sub_lang_list
1150         # An extractor error can be raise by the download process if there are
1151         # no automatic captions but there are subtitles
1152         except (KeyError, ExtractorError):
1153             self._downloader.report_warning(err_msg)
1154             return {}
1155
1156     def _print_formats(self, formats):
1157         print('Available formats:')
1158         for x in formats:
1159             print('%s\t:\t%s\t[%s]%s' %(x, self._video_extensions.get(x, 'flv'),
1160                                         self._video_dimensions.get(x, '???'),
1161                                         ' ('+self._special_itags[x]+')' if x in self._special_itags else ''))
1162
1163     def _extract_id(self, url):
1164         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url, re.VERBOSE)
1165         if mobj is None:
1166             raise ExtractorError(u'Invalid URL: %s' % url)
1167         video_id = mobj.group(2)
1168         return video_id
1169
1170     def _get_video_url_list(self, url_map):
1171         """
1172         Transform a dictionary in the format {itag:url} to a list of (itag, url)
1173         with the requested formats.
1174         """
1175         req_format = self._downloader.params.get('format', None)
1176         format_limit = self._downloader.params.get('format_limit', None)
1177         available_formats = self._available_formats_prefer_free if self._downloader.params.get('prefer_free_formats', False) else self._available_formats
1178         if format_limit is not None and format_limit in available_formats:
1179             format_list = available_formats[available_formats.index(format_limit):]
1180         else:
1181             format_list = available_formats
1182         existing_formats = [x for x in format_list if x in url_map]
1183         if len(existing_formats) == 0:
1184             raise ExtractorError(u'no known formats available for video')
1185         if self._downloader.params.get('listformats', None):
1186             self._print_formats(existing_formats)
1187             return
1188         if req_format is None or req_format == 'best':
1189             video_url_list = [(existing_formats[0], url_map[existing_formats[0]])] # Best quality
1190         elif req_format == 'worst':
1191             video_url_list = [(existing_formats[-1], url_map[existing_formats[-1]])] # worst quality
1192         elif req_format in ('-1', 'all'):
1193             video_url_list = [(f, url_map[f]) for f in existing_formats] # All formats
1194         else:
1195             # Specific formats. We pick the first in a slash-delimeted sequence.
1196             # Format can be specified as itag or 'mp4' or 'flv' etc. We pick the highest quality
1197             # available in the specified format. For example,
1198             # if '1/2/3/4' is requested and '2' and '4' are available, we pick '2'.
1199             # if '1/mp4/3/4' is requested and '1' and '5' (is a mp4) are available, we pick '1'.
1200             # if '1/mp4/3/4' is requested and '4' and '5' (is a mp4) are available, we pick '5'.
1201             req_formats = req_format.split('/')
1202             video_url_list = None
1203             for rf in req_formats:
1204                 if rf in url_map:
1205                     video_url_list = [(rf, url_map[rf])]
1206                     break
1207                 if rf in self._video_formats_map:
1208                     for srf in self._video_formats_map[rf]:
1209                         if srf in url_map:
1210                             video_url_list = [(srf, url_map[srf])]
1211                             break
1212                     else:
1213                         continue
1214                     break
1215             if video_url_list is None:
1216                 raise ExtractorError(u'requested format not available')
1217         return video_url_list
1218
1219     def _extract_from_m3u8(self, manifest_url, video_id):
1220         url_map = {}
1221         def _get_urls(_manifest):
1222             lines = _manifest.split('\n')
1223             urls = filter(lambda l: l and not l.startswith('#'),
1224                             lines)
1225             return urls
1226         manifest = self._download_webpage(manifest_url, video_id, u'Downloading formats manifest')
1227         formats_urls = _get_urls(manifest)
1228         for format_url in formats_urls:
1229             itag = self._search_regex(r'itag/(\d+?)/', format_url, 'itag')
1230             url_map[itag] = format_url
1231         return url_map
1232
1233     def _extract_annotations(self, video_id):
1234         url = 'https://www.youtube.com/annotations_invideo?features=1&legacy=1&video_id=%s' % video_id
1235         return self._download_webpage(url, video_id, note=u'Searching for annotations.', errnote=u'Unable to download video annotations.')
1236
1237     def _real_extract(self, url):
1238         # Extract original video URL from URL with redirection, like age verification, using next_url parameter
1239         mobj = re.search(self._NEXT_URL_RE, url)
1240         if mobj:
1241             url = 'https://www.youtube.com/' + compat_urllib_parse.unquote(mobj.group(1)).lstrip('/')
1242         video_id = self._extract_id(url)
1243
1244         # Get video webpage
1245         url = 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s&gl=US&hl=en&has_verified=1' % video_id
1246         video_webpage = self._download_webpage(url, video_id)
1247
1248         # Attempt to extract SWF player URL
1249         mobj = re.search(r'swfConfig.*?"(https?:\\/\\/.*?watch.*?-.*?\.swf)"', video_webpage)
1250         if mobj is not None:
1251             player_url = re.sub(r'\\(.)', r'\1', mobj.group(1))
1252         else:
1253             player_url = None
1254
1255         # Get video info
1256         self.report_video_info_webpage_download(video_id)
1257         if re.search(r'player-age-gate-content">', video_webpage) is not None:
1258             self.report_age_confirmation()
1259             age_gate = True
1260             # We simulate the access to the video from www.youtube.com/v/{video_id}
1261             # this can be viewed without login into Youtube
1262             data = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode({'video_id': video_id,
1263                                                   'el': 'player_embedded',
1264                                                   'gl': 'US',
1265                                                   'hl': 'en',
1266                                                   'eurl': 'https://youtube.googleapis.com/v/' + video_id,
1267                                                   'asv': 3,
1268                                                   'sts':'1588',
1269                                                   })
1270             video_info_url = 'https://www.youtube.com/get_video_info?' + data
1271             video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(video_info_url, video_id,
1272                                     note=False,
1273                                     errnote='unable to download video info webpage')
1274             video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
1275         else:
1276             age_gate = False
1277             for el_type in ['&el=embedded', '&el=detailpage', '&el=vevo', '']:
1278                 video_info_url = ('https://www.youtube.com/get_video_info?&video_id=%s%s&ps=default&eurl=&gl=US&hl=en'
1279                         % (video_id, el_type))
1280                 video_info_webpage = self._download_webpage(video_info_url, video_id,
1281                                         note=False,
1282                                         errnote='unable to download video info webpage')
1283                 video_info = compat_parse_qs(video_info_webpage)
1284                 if 'token' in video_info:
1285                     break
1286         if 'token' not in video_info:
1287             if 'reason' in video_info:
1288                 raise ExtractorError(u'YouTube said: %s' % video_info['reason'][0], expected=True)
1289             else:
1290                 raise ExtractorError(u'"token" parameter not in video info for unknown reason')
1291
1292         if 'view_count' in video_info:
1293             view_count = int(video_info['view_count'][0])
1294         else:
1295             view_count = None
1296
1297         # Check for "rental" videos
1298         if 'ypc_video_rental_bar_text' in video_info and 'author' not in video_info:
1299             raise ExtractorError(u'"rental" videos not supported')
1300
1301         # Start extracting information
1302         self.report_information_extraction(video_id)
1303
1304         # uploader
1305         if 'author' not in video_info:
1306             raise ExtractorError(u'Unable to extract uploader name')
1307         video_uploader = compat_urllib_parse.unquote_plus(video_info['author'][0])
1308
1309         # uploader_id
1310         video_uploader_id = None
1311         mobj = re.search(r'<link itemprop="url" href="http://www.youtube.com/(?:user|channel)/([^"]+)">', video_webpage)
1312         if mobj is not None:
1313             video_uploader_id = mobj.group(1)
1314         else:
1315             self._downloader.report_warning(u'unable to extract uploader nickname')
1316
1317         # title
1318         if 'title' in video_info:
1319             video_title = compat_urllib_parse.unquote_plus(video_info['title'][0])
1320         else:
1321             self._downloader.report_warning(u'Unable to extract video title')
1322             video_title = u'_'
1323
1324         # thumbnail image
1325         # We try first to get a high quality image:
1326         m_thumb = re.search(r'<span itemprop="thumbnail".*?href="(.*?)">',
1327                             video_webpage, re.DOTALL)
1328         if m_thumb is not None:
1329             video_thumbnail = m_thumb.group(1)
1330         elif 'thumbnail_url' not in video_info:
1331             self._downloader.report_warning(u'unable to extract video thumbnail')
1332             video_thumbnail = None
1333         else:   # don't panic if we can't find it
1334             video_thumbnail = compat_urllib_parse.unquote_plus(video_info['thumbnail_url'][0])
1335
1336         # upload date
1337         upload_date = None
1338         mobj = re.search(r'id="eow-date.*?>(.*?)</span>', video_webpage, re.DOTALL)
1339         if mobj is not None:
1340             upload_date = ' '.join(re.sub(r'[/,-]', r' ', mobj.group(1)).split())
1341             upload_date = unified_strdate(upload_date)
1342
1343         # description
1344         video_description = get_element_by_id("eow-description", video_webpage)
1345         if video_description:
1346             video_description = re.sub(r'''(?x)
1347                 <a\s+
1348                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]+"\s+)*?
1349                     title="([^"]+)"\s+
1350                     (?:[a-zA-Z-]+="[^"]+"\s+)*?
1351                     class="yt-uix-redirect-link"\s*>
1352                 [^<]+
1353                 </a>
1354             ''', r'\1', video_description)
1355             video_description = clean_html(video_description)
1356         else:
1357             fd_mobj = re.search(r'<meta name="description" content="([^"]+)"', video_webpage)
1358             if fd_mobj:
1359                 video_description = unescapeHTML(fd_mobj.group(1))
1360             else:
1361                 video_description = u''
1362
1363         def _extract_count(klass):
1364             count = self._search_regex(r'class="%s">([\d,]+)</span>' % re.escape(klass), video_webpage, klass, fatal=False)
1365             if count is not None:
1366                 return int(count.replace(',', ''))
1367             return None
1368         like_count = _extract_count(u'likes-count')
1369         dislike_count = _extract_count(u'dislikes-count')
1370
1371         # subtitles
1372         video_subtitles = self.extract_subtitles(video_id, video_webpage)
1373
1374         if self._downloader.params.get('listsubtitles', False):
1375             self._list_available_subtitles(video_id, video_webpage)
1376             return
1377
1378         if 'length_seconds' not in video_info:
1379             self._downloader.report_warning(u'unable to extract video duration')
1380             video_duration = None
1381         else:
1382             video_duration = int(compat_urllib_parse.unquote_plus(video_info['length_seconds'][0]))
1383
1384         # annotations
1385         video_annotations = None
1386         if self._downloader.params.get('writeannotations', False):
1387                 video_annotations = self._extract_annotations(video_id)
1388
1389         # Decide which formats to download
1390
1391         try:
1392             mobj = re.search(r';ytplayer.config = ({.*?});', video_webpage)
1393             if not mobj:
1394                 raise ValueError('Could not find vevo ID')
1395             info = json.loads(mobj.group(1))
1396             args = info['args']
1397             # Easy way to know if the 's' value is in url_encoded_fmt_stream_map
1398             # this signatures are encrypted
1399             if 'url_encoded_fmt_stream_map' not in args:
1400                 raise ValueError(u'No stream_map present')  # caught below
1401             re_signature = re.compile(r'[&,]s=')
1402             m_s = re_signature.search(args['url_encoded_fmt_stream_map'])
1403             if m_s is not None:
1404                 self.to_screen(u'%s: Encrypted signatures detected.' % video_id)
1405                 video_info['url_encoded_fmt_stream_map'] = [args['url_encoded_fmt_stream_map']]
1406             m_s = re_signature.search(args.get('adaptive_fmts', u''))
1407             if m_s is not None:
1408                 if 'adaptive_fmts' in video_info:
1409                     video_info['adaptive_fmts'][0] += ',' + args['adaptive_fmts']
1410                 else:
1411                     video_info['adaptive_fmts'] = [args['adaptive_fmts']]
1412         except ValueError:
1413             pass
1414
1415         if 'conn' in video_info and video_info['conn'][0].startswith('rtmp'):
1416             self.report_rtmp_download()
1417             video_url_list = [(None, video_info['conn'][0])]
1418         elif len(video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [])) >= 1 or len(video_info.get('adaptive_fmts', [])) >= 1:
1419             encoded_url_map = video_info.get('url_encoded_fmt_stream_map', [''])[0] + ',' + video_info.get('adaptive_fmts',[''])[0]
1420             if 'rtmpe%3Dyes' in encoded_url_map:
1421                 raise ExtractorError('rtmpe downloads are not supported, see https://github.com/rg3/youtube-dl/issues/343 for more information.', expected=True)
1422             url_map = {}
1423             for url_data_str in encoded_url_map.split(','):
1424                 url_data = compat_parse_qs(url_data_str)
1425                 if 'itag' in url_data and 'url' in url_data:
1426                     url = url_data['url'][0]
1427                     if 'sig' in url_data:
1428                         url += '&signature=' + url_data['sig'][0]
1429                     elif 's' in url_data:
1430                         encrypted_sig = url_data['s'][0]
1431                         if self._downloader.params.get('verbose'):
1432                             if age_gate:
1433                                 if player_url is None:
1434                                     player_version = 'unknown'
1435                                 else:
1436                                     player_version = self._search_regex(
1437                                         r'-(.+)\.swf$', player_url,
1438                                         u'flash player', fatal=False)
1439                                 player_desc = 'flash player %s' % player_version
1440                             else:
1441                                 player_version = self._search_regex(
1442                                     r'html5player-(.+?)\.js', video_webpage,
1443                                     'html5 player', fatal=False)
1444                                 player_desc = u'html5 player %s' % player_version
1445
1446                             parts_sizes = u'.'.join(compat_str(len(part)) for part in encrypted_sig.split('.'))
1447                             self.to_screen(u'encrypted signature length %d (%s), itag %s, %s' %
1448                                 (len(encrypted_sig), parts_sizes, url_data['itag'][0], player_desc))
1449
1450                         if not age_gate:
1451                             jsplayer_url_json = self._search_regex(
1452                                 r'"assets":.+?"js":\s*("[^"]+")',
1453                                 video_webpage, u'JS player URL')
1454                             player_url = json.loads(jsplayer_url_json)
1455
1456                         signature = self._decrypt_signature(
1457                             encrypted_sig, video_id, player_url, age_gate)
1458                         url += '&signature=' + signature
1459                     if 'ratebypass' not in url:
1460                         url += '&ratebypass=yes'
1461                     url_map[url_data['itag'][0]] = url
1462             video_url_list = self._get_video_url_list(url_map)
1463             if not video_url_list:
1464                 return
1465         elif video_info.get('hlsvp'):
1466             manifest_url = video_info['hlsvp'][0]
1467             url_map = self._extract_from_m3u8(manifest_url, video_id)
1468             video_url_list = self._get_video_url_list(url_map)
1469             if not video_url_list:
1470                 return
1471
1472         else:
1473             raise ExtractorError(u'no conn, hlsvp or url_encoded_fmt_stream_map information found in video info')
1474
1475         results = []
1476         for itag, video_real_url in video_url_list:
1477             # Extension
1478             video_extension = self._video_extensions.get(itag, 'flv')
1479
1480             video_format = '{0} - {1}{2}'.format(itag if itag else video_extension,
1481                                               self._video_dimensions.get(itag, '???'),
1482                                               ' ('+self._special_itags[itag]+')' if itag in self._special_itags else '')
1483
1484             results.append({
1485                 'id':       video_id,
1486                 'url':      video_real_url,
1487                 'uploader': video_uploader,
1488                 'uploader_id': video_uploader_id,
1489                 'upload_date':  upload_date,
1490                 'title':    video_title,
1491                 'ext':      video_extension,
1492                 'format':   video_format,
1493                 'format_id': itag,
1494                 'thumbnail':    video_thumbnail,
1495                 'description':  video_description,
1496                 'player_url':   player_url,
1497                 'subtitles':    video_subtitles,
1498                 'duration':     video_duration,
1499                 'age_limit':    18 if age_gate else 0,
1500                 'annotations':  video_annotations,
1501                 'webpage_url': 'https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=%s' % video_id,
1502                 'view_count': view_count,
1503                 'like_count': like_count,
1504                 'dislike_count': dislike_count,
1505             })
1506         return results
1507
1508 class YoutubePlaylistIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
1509     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com playlists'
1510     _VALID_URL = r"""(?:
1511                         (?:https?://)?
1512                         (?:\w+\.)?
1513                         youtube\.com/
1514                         (?:
1515                            (?:course|view_play_list|my_playlists|artist|playlist|watch)
1516                            \? (?:.*?&)*? (?:p|a|list)=
1517                         |  p/
1518                         )
1519                         ((?:PL|EC|UU|FL|RD)?[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,})
1520                         .*
1521                      |
1522                         ((?:PL|EC|UU|FL|RD)[0-9A-Za-z-_]{10,})
1523                      )"""
1524     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=%s&page=%s'
1525     _MORE_PAGES_INDICATOR = r'data-link-type="next"'
1526     _VIDEO_RE = r'href="/watch\?v=(?P<id>[0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})&amp;[^"]*?index=(?P<index>\d+)'
1527     IE_NAME = u'youtube:playlist'
1528
1529     @classmethod
1530     def suitable(cls, url):
1531         """Receives a URL and returns True if suitable for this IE."""
1532         return re.match(cls._VALID_URL, url, re.VERBOSE) is not None
1533
1534     def _real_initialize(self):
1535         self._login()
1536
1537     def _ids_to_results(self, ids):
1538         return [self.url_result(vid_id, 'Youtube', video_id=vid_id)
1539                        for vid_id in ids]
1540
1541     def _extract_mix(self, playlist_id):
1542         # The mixes are generated from a a single video
1543         # the id of the playlist is just 'RD' + video_id
1544         url = 'https://youtube.com/watch?v=%s&list=%s' % (playlist_id[-11:], playlist_id)
1545         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id, u'Downloading Youtube mix')
1546         title_span = (get_element_by_attribute('class', 'title long-title', webpage) or
1547             get_element_by_attribute('class', 'title ', webpage))
1548         title = clean_html(title_span)
1549         video_re = r'data-index="\d+".*?href="/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})&amp;[^"]*?list=%s' % re.escape(playlist_id)
1550         ids = orderedSet(re.findall(video_re, webpage))
1551         url_results = self._ids_to_results(ids)
1552
1553         return self.playlist_result(url_results, playlist_id, title)
1554
1555     def _real_extract(self, url):
1556         # Extract playlist id
1557         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url, re.VERBOSE)
1558         if mobj is None:
1559             raise ExtractorError(u'Invalid URL: %s' % url)
1560         playlist_id = mobj.group(1) or mobj.group(2)
1561
1562         # Check if it's a video-specific URL
1563         query_dict = compat_urlparse.parse_qs(compat_urlparse.urlparse(url).query)
1564         if 'v' in query_dict:
1565             video_id = query_dict['v'][0]
1566             if self._downloader.params.get('noplaylist'):
1567                 self.to_screen(u'Downloading just video %s because of --no-playlist' % video_id)
1568                 return self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
1569             else:
1570                 self.to_screen(u'Downloading playlist PL%s - add --no-playlist to just download video %s' % (playlist_id, video_id))
1571
1572         if playlist_id.startswith('RD'):
1573             # Mixes require a custom extraction process
1574             return self._extract_mix(playlist_id)
1575         if playlist_id.startswith('TL'):
1576             raise ExtractorError(u'For downloading YouTube.com top lists, use '
1577                 u'the "yttoplist" keyword, for example "youtube-dl \'yttoplist:music:Top Tracks\'"', expected=True)
1578
1579         # Extract the video ids from the playlist pages
1580         ids = []
1581
1582         for page_num in itertools.count(1):
1583             url = self._TEMPLATE_URL % (playlist_id, page_num)
1584             page = self._download_webpage(url, playlist_id, u'Downloading page #%s' % page_num)
1585             matches = re.finditer(self._VIDEO_RE, page)
1586             # We remove the duplicates and the link with index 0
1587             # (it's not the first video of the playlist)
1588             new_ids = orderedSet(m.group('id') for m in matches if m.group('index') != '0')
1589             ids.extend(new_ids)
1590
1591             if re.search(self._MORE_PAGES_INDICATOR, page) is None:
1592                 break
1593
1594         playlist_title = self._og_search_title(page)
1595
1596         url_results = self._ids_to_results(ids)
1597         return self.playlist_result(url_results, playlist_id, playlist_title)
1598
1599
1600 class YoutubeTopListIE(YoutubePlaylistIE):
1601     IE_NAME = u'youtube:toplist'
1602     IE_DESC = (u'YouTube.com top lists, "yttoplist:{channel}:{list title}"'
1603         u' (Example: "yttoplist:music:Top Tracks")')
1604     _VALID_URL = r'yttoplist:(?P<chann>.*?):(?P<title>.*?)$'
1605
1606     def _real_extract(self, url):
1607         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
1608         channel = mobj.group('chann')
1609         title = mobj.group('title')
1610         query = compat_urllib_parse.urlencode({'title': title})
1611         playlist_re = 'href="([^"]+?%s[^"]+?)"' % re.escape(query)
1612         channel_page = self._download_webpage('https://www.youtube.com/%s' % channel, title)
1613         link = self._html_search_regex(playlist_re, channel_page, u'list')
1614         url = compat_urlparse.urljoin('https://www.youtube.com/', link)
1615
1616         video_re = r'data-index="\d+".*?data-video-id="([0-9A-Za-z_-]{11})"'
1617         ids = []
1618         # sometimes the webpage doesn't contain the videos
1619         # retry until we get them
1620         for i in itertools.count(0):
1621             msg = u'Downloading Youtube mix'
1622             if i > 0:
1623                 msg += ', retry #%d' % i
1624             webpage = self._download_webpage(url, title, msg)
1625             ids = orderedSet(re.findall(video_re, webpage))
1626             if ids:
1627                 break
1628         url_results = self._ids_to_results(ids)
1629         return self.playlist_result(url_results, playlist_title=title)
1630
1631
1632 class YoutubeChannelIE(InfoExtractor):
1633     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com channels'
1634     _VALID_URL = r"^(?:https?://)?(?:youtu\.be|(?:\w+\.)?youtube(?:-nocookie)?\.com)/channel/([0-9A-Za-z_-]+)"
1635     _MORE_PAGES_INDICATOR = 'yt-uix-load-more'
1636     _MORE_PAGES_URL = 'http://www.youtube.com/c4_browse_ajax?action_load_more_videos=1&flow=list&paging=%s&view=0&sort=da&channel_id=%s'
1637     IE_NAME = u'youtube:channel'
1638
1639     def extract_videos_from_page(self, page):
1640         ids_in_page = []
1641         for mobj in re.finditer(r'href="/watch\?v=([0-9A-Za-z_-]+)&?', page):
1642             if mobj.group(1) not in ids_in_page:
1643                 ids_in_page.append(mobj.group(1))
1644         return ids_in_page
1645
1646     def _real_extract(self, url):
1647         # Extract channel id
1648         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
1649         if mobj is None:
1650             raise ExtractorError(u'Invalid URL: %s' % url)
1651
1652         # Download channel page
1653         channel_id = mobj.group(1)
1654         video_ids = []
1655         url = 'https://www.youtube.com/channel/%s/videos' % channel_id
1656         channel_page = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id)
1657         autogenerated = re.search(r'''(?x)
1658                 class="[^"]*?(?:
1659                     channel-header-autogenerated-label|
1660                     yt-channel-title-autogenerated
1661                 )[^"]*"''', channel_page) is not None
1662
1663         if autogenerated:
1664             # The videos are contained in a single page
1665             # the ajax pages can't be used, they are empty
1666             video_ids = self.extract_videos_from_page(channel_page)
1667         else:
1668             # Download all channel pages using the json-based channel_ajax query
1669             for pagenum in itertools.count(1):
1670                 url = self._MORE_PAGES_URL % (pagenum, channel_id)
1671                 page = self._download_webpage(url, channel_id,
1672                                               u'Downloading page #%s' % pagenum)
1673
1674                 page = json.loads(page)
1675
1676                 ids_in_page = self.extract_videos_from_page(page['content_html'])
1677                 video_ids.extend(ids_in_page)
1678
1679                 if self._MORE_PAGES_INDICATOR not in page['load_more_widget_html']:
1680                     break
1681
1682         self._downloader.to_screen(u'[youtube] Channel %s: Found %i videos' % (channel_id, len(video_ids)))
1683
1684         url_entries = [self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
1685                        for video_id in video_ids]
1686         return self.playlist_result(url_entries, channel_id)
1687
1688
1689 class YoutubeUserIE(InfoExtractor):
1690     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com user videos (URL or "ytuser" keyword)'
1691     _VALID_URL = r'(?:(?:(?:https?://)?(?:\w+\.)?youtube\.com/(?:user/)?(?!(?:attribution_link|watch)(?:$|[^a-z_A-Z0-9-])))|ytuser:)(?!feed/)([A-Za-z0-9_-]+)'
1692     _TEMPLATE_URL = 'http://gdata.youtube.com/feeds/api/users/%s'
1693     _GDATA_PAGE_SIZE = 50
1694     _GDATA_URL = 'http://gdata.youtube.com/feeds/api/users/%s/uploads?max-results=%d&start-index=%d&alt=json'
1695     IE_NAME = u'youtube:user'
1696
1697     @classmethod
1698     def suitable(cls, url):
1699         # Don't return True if the url can be extracted with other youtube
1700         # extractor, the regex would is too permissive and it would match.
1701         other_ies = iter(klass for (name, klass) in globals().items() if name.endswith('IE') and klass is not cls)
1702         if any(ie.suitable(url) for ie in other_ies): return False
1703         else: return super(YoutubeUserIE, cls).suitable(url)
1704
1705     def _real_extract(self, url):
1706         # Extract username
1707         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
1708         if mobj is None:
1709             raise ExtractorError(u'Invalid URL: %s' % url)
1710
1711         username = mobj.group(1)
1712
1713         # Download video ids using YouTube Data API. Result size per
1714         # query is limited (currently to 50 videos) so we need to query
1715         # page by page until there are no video ids - it means we got
1716         # all of them.
1717
1718         video_ids = []
1719
1720         for pagenum in itertools.count(0):
1721             start_index = pagenum * self._GDATA_PAGE_SIZE + 1
1722
1723             gdata_url = self._GDATA_URL % (username, self._GDATA_PAGE_SIZE, start_index)
1724             page = self._download_webpage(gdata_url, username,
1725                                           u'Downloading video ids from %d to %d' % (start_index, start_index + self._GDATA_PAGE_SIZE))
1726
1727             try:
1728                 response = json.loads(page)
1729             except ValueError as err:
1730                 raise ExtractorError(u'Invalid JSON in API response: ' + compat_str(err))
1731             if 'entry' not in response['feed']:
1732                 # Number of videos is a multiple of self._MAX_RESULTS
1733                 break
1734
1735             # Extract video identifiers
1736             ids_in_page = []
1737             for entry in response['feed']['entry']:
1738                 ids_in_page.append(entry['id']['$t'].split('/')[-1])
1739             video_ids.extend(ids_in_page)
1740
1741             # A little optimization - if current page is not
1742             # "full", ie. does not contain PAGE_SIZE video ids then
1743             # we can assume that this page is the last one - there
1744             # are no more ids on further pages - no need to query
1745             # again.
1746
1747             if len(ids_in_page) < self._GDATA_PAGE_SIZE:
1748                 break
1749
1750         url_results = [
1751             self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
1752             for video_id in video_ids]
1753         return self.playlist_result(url_results, playlist_title=username)
1754
1755
1756 class YoutubeSearchIE(SearchInfoExtractor):
1757     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com searches'
1758     _API_URL = 'https://gdata.youtube.com/feeds/api/videos?q=%s&start-index=%i&max-results=50&v=2&alt=jsonc'
1759     _MAX_RESULTS = 1000
1760     IE_NAME = u'youtube:search'
1761     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearch'
1762
1763     def _get_n_results(self, query, n):
1764         """Get a specified number of results for a query"""
1765
1766         video_ids = []
1767         pagenum = 0
1768         limit = n
1769
1770         while (50 * pagenum) < limit:
1771             result_url = self._API_URL % (compat_urllib_parse.quote_plus(query), (50*pagenum)+1)
1772             data_json = self._download_webpage(
1773                 result_url, video_id=u'query "%s"' % query,
1774                 note=u'Downloading page %s' % (pagenum + 1),
1775                 errnote=u'Unable to download API page')
1776             data = json.loads(data_json)
1777             api_response = data['data']
1778
1779             if 'items' not in api_response:
1780                 raise ExtractorError(u'[youtube] No video results')
1781
1782             new_ids = list(video['id'] for video in api_response['items'])
1783             video_ids += new_ids
1784
1785             limit = min(n, api_response['totalItems'])
1786             pagenum += 1
1787
1788         if len(video_ids) > n:
1789             video_ids = video_ids[:n]
1790         videos = [self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
1791                   for video_id in video_ids]
1792         return self.playlist_result(videos, query)
1793
1794 class YoutubeSearchDateIE(YoutubeSearchIE):
1795     IE_NAME = YoutubeSearchIE.IE_NAME + ':date'
1796     _API_URL = 'https://gdata.youtube.com/feeds/api/videos?q=%s&start-index=%i&max-results=50&v=2&alt=jsonc&orderby=published'
1797     _SEARCH_KEY = 'ytsearchdate'
1798     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com searches, newest videos first'
1799
1800 class YoutubeShowIE(InfoExtractor):
1801     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com (multi-season) shows'
1802     _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/show/(.*)'
1803     IE_NAME = u'youtube:show'
1804
1805     def _real_extract(self, url):
1806         mobj = re.match(self._VALID_URL, url)
1807         show_name = mobj.group(1)
1808         webpage = self._download_webpage(url, show_name, u'Downloading show webpage')
1809         # There's one playlist for each season of the show
1810         m_seasons = list(re.finditer(r'href="(/playlist\?list=.*?)"', webpage))
1811         self.to_screen(u'%s: Found %s seasons' % (show_name, len(m_seasons)))
1812         return [self.url_result('https://www.youtube.com' + season.group(1), 'YoutubePlaylist') for season in m_seasons]
1813
1814
1815 class YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
1816     """
1817     Base class for extractors that fetch info from
1818     http://www.youtube.com/feed_ajax
1819     Subclasses must define the _FEED_NAME and _PLAYLIST_TITLE properties.
1820     """
1821     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
1822     # use action_load_personal_feed instead of action_load_system_feed
1823     _PERSONAL_FEED = False
1824
1825     @property
1826     def _FEED_TEMPLATE(self):
1827         action = 'action_load_system_feed'
1828         if self._PERSONAL_FEED:
1829             action = 'action_load_personal_feed'
1830         return 'http://www.youtube.com/feed_ajax?%s=1&feed_name=%s&paging=%%s' % (action, self._FEED_NAME)
1831
1832     @property
1833     def IE_NAME(self):
1834         return u'youtube:%s' % self._FEED_NAME
1835
1836     def _real_initialize(self):
1837         self._login()
1838
1839     def _real_extract(self, url):
1840         feed_entries = []
1841         paging = 0
1842         for i in itertools.count(1):
1843             info = self._download_webpage(self._FEED_TEMPLATE % paging,
1844                                           u'%s feed' % self._FEED_NAME,
1845                                           u'Downloading page %s' % i)
1846             info = json.loads(info)
1847             feed_html = info['feed_html']
1848             m_ids = re.finditer(r'"/watch\?v=(.*?)["&]', feed_html)
1849             ids = orderedSet(m.group(1) for m in m_ids)
1850             feed_entries.extend(
1851                 self.url_result(video_id, 'Youtube', video_id=video_id)
1852                 for video_id in ids)
1853             if info['paging'] is None:
1854                 break
1855             paging = info['paging']
1856         return self.playlist_result(feed_entries, playlist_title=self._PLAYLIST_TITLE)
1857
1858 class YoutubeSubscriptionsIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
1859     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com subscriptions feed, "ytsubs" keyword(requires authentication)'
1860     _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/feed/subscriptions|:ytsubs(?:criptions)?'
1861     _FEED_NAME = 'subscriptions'
1862     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = u'Youtube Subscriptions'
1863
1864 class YoutubeRecommendedIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
1865     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com recommended videos, "ytrec" keyword (requires authentication)'
1866     _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/feed/recommended|:ytrec(?:ommended)?'
1867     _FEED_NAME = 'recommended'
1868     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = u'Youtube Recommended videos'
1869
1870 class YoutubeWatchLaterIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
1871     IE_DESC = u'Youtube watch later list, "ytwatchlater" keyword (requires authentication)'
1872     _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/feed/watch_later|:ytwatchlater'
1873     _FEED_NAME = 'watch_later'
1874     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = u'Youtube Watch Later'
1875     _PERSONAL_FEED = True
1876
1877 class YoutubeHistoryIE(YoutubeFeedsInfoExtractor):
1878     IE_DESC = u'Youtube watch history, "ythistory" keyword (requires authentication)'
1879     _VALID_URL = u'https?://www\.youtube\.com/feed/history|:ythistory'
1880     _FEED_NAME = 'history'
1881     _PERSONAL_FEED = True
1882     _PLAYLIST_TITLE = u'Youtube Watch History'
1883
1884 class YoutubeFavouritesIE(YoutubeBaseInfoExtractor):
1885     IE_NAME = u'youtube:favorites'
1886     IE_DESC = u'YouTube.com favourite videos, "ytfav" keyword (requires authentication)'
1887     _VALID_URL = r'https?://www\.youtube\.com/my_favorites|:ytfav(?:ou?rites)?'
1888     _LOGIN_REQUIRED = True
1889
1890     def _real_extract(self, url):
1891         webpage = self._download_webpage('https://www.youtube.com/my_favorites', 'Youtube Favourites videos')
1892         playlist_id = self._search_regex(r'list=(.+?)["&]', webpage, u'favourites playlist id')
1893         return self.url_result(playlist_id, 'YoutubePlaylist')
1894
1895
1896 class YoutubeTruncatedURLIE(InfoExtractor):
1897     IE_NAME = 'youtube:truncated_url'
1898     IE_DESC = False  # Do not list
1899     _VALID_URL = r'(?:https?://)?[^/]+/watch\?feature=[a-z_]+$'
1900
1901     def _real_extract(self, url):
1902         raise ExtractorError(
1903             u'Did you forget to quote the URL? Remember that & is a meta '
1904             u'character in most shells, so you want to put the URL in quotes, '
1905             u'like  youtube-dl '
1906             u'\'http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=foo&v=BaW_jenozKc\''
1907             u' (or simply  youtube-dl BaW_jenozKc  ).',
1908             expected=True)